Human Resource Management Archives

Beyond Agency Theory: The Unexpected Effects of Employee Stock Ownership on Employee Extra-Role Behaviors

Andranik Tumasjan, Anthony J. Nyberg, Felix Hoffman, Isabell M. Welpe | February, 2026

Although research demonstrates that employee stock ownership (ESO) is associated with increased firm performance, ESO’s influence on employees’ extra-role behaviors has been neglected. Using five-year panel data (N=156,051 employees) of a leading automotive manufacturer we find that ESO plans are related to extra-role behaviors, in the form of making suggestions for innovative work solutions. Remarkably, … Read More

We the Owners Discussion Guide

Matt Mazewski | January, 2025

General discussion questions about employee ownership are presented as well as individual questions on New Belgium Brewing, Namaste Solar and DPR Construction. The Discussion Guide can be used in classroom or other group settings. View “We the Owners” here: https://smlr.rutgers.edu/we-the-owners.

We the Owners Case Study – DPR Construction

Matt Mazewski | January, 2025

We the Owners: Employees Expanding the American Dream, is a 2012 documentary film about three American businesses that have embraced various forms of employee ownership. This case study offers a closer look at DPR Construction, one of the three featured companies, and was published in January 2025 by the Rutgers Institute for the Study of … Read More

We the Owners Case Study – Namaste Solar

Matt Mazewski | January, 2025

We the Owners: Employees Expanding the American Dream, is a 2012 documentary film about three American businesses that have embraced various forms of employee ownership. This case study offers a closer look at Namaste Solar, one of the three featured companies, and was published in January 2025 by the Rutgers Institute for the Study of … Read More

We the Owners Case Study – New Belgium Brewing

Matt Mazewski | January, 2025

We the Owners: Employees Expanding the American Dream, is a 2012 documentary film about three American businesses that have embraced various forms of employee ownership. This case study offers a closer look at New Belgium Brewing, one of the three companies featured in the film, published to coincide with the release of the film’s updated … Read More

Cooperatives in Industrial and Service Sectors in the Asia-Pacific Region: Models, Work and Employment, Ecosystem and Public Policies

International Cooperative Alliance Asia and Pacific & International Organisation of the Industrial and Service Cooperatives | September, 2019

What would be the contribution of cooperatives to work and employment? What is the achievement of cooperatives in developing decent work so far and what will be the challenges in the changing world of work? How can cooperatives provide the younger generation with workplaces and tools for realizing their dreams and ambitions with decent work … Read More

Resurrected, Recovered, But Still Didn’t Survive? A Case Study on the Viability of Employee-Owned Companies

Olaf Kranz, Thomas Steger | July, 2016

Correspondingly, in the long-standing literature about EOCs, there seems to be a consensus regarding the rather limited viability of democratic organizational forms. Although the explanations, mainly based on microeconomic models, differ in the causal mechanisms explaining EOCs’ short average lifespan. In this paper, we challenge the conventional wisdom about the reasons for the limited viability … Read More

Organizational Democracy and Employee Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Organizational Justice

Ahmad Adeel, Kaleem Ahmed, Ramiz Ur Rehman, Rizwan Ali | April, 2019

In the last two decades, scholars have proposed that implementing democratic practices and ideas in organizations results in significant improvements in employees’ attitudes and behavior. Using two widely advocated and debated dimensions of organizational democracy (empowerment and communication), the study provides empirical evidence of the mentioned relationship between organizational democracy and employee outcomes (commitment, citizenship … Read More

The “Avery Hall Way”: Capitalizing on the Mutuality of Employee Ownership and Franchise-Like Operations

Frank Shipper, Richard C. Hoffman, Valerie J. Whitcomb | August, 2024

Avery Hall Insurance Agency in Salisbury, Maryland, was founded on principles that included service to customers and communities. The term “Avery Hall Way,” is used to describe the model that Avery Hall used to integrate employee ownership through an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) with franchise-like structures to enhance organizational performance. This case study of … Read More

Humanistic Governance in Democratic Organizations: The Cooperative Difference

Cian McMahon, Karen Miner, Sonja Novković | February, 2023

This book brings together a number of theories under the umbrella of humanistic governance to develop a persuasive alternative perspective on governance, particularly for democratic organizations such as co-operatives. It examines how we can move beyond a profit-first approach to governance, into a framework that prioritizes human dignity in all aspects of an operation. This … Read More

Just Health: Case Studies of Worker Cooperatives in Health and Care Sectors

Adria Scharf, Adrienne Eaton, Camille Kerr, Minsun Ji, Sanjay Pinto | January, 2023

How we structure ownership and work in healthcare matters. As a society, we underpay and under-support—under-care-for—the very workers we rely on to provide health and care services to others. The COVID-19 pandemic briefly spotlighted this fact as health workers braved risks to care for the vulnerable. The worst of that crisis has passed—but the extractive … Read More

Telecare Corporation – Putting the “High Performance” in Workforce Development

Valerie J. Whitcomb | January, 2023

Telecare, a mental health provider founded on respect and recovery, celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2015, and by 2018 it was focused on future growth. Workforce development was a key factor, and the management team had developed a well-researched plan which was authored and supported at the highest levels of the organization. It encompassed a … Read More

AlliedUP: A Worker-Owned Healthcare Staffing Cooperative Transforms Temporary Work

Minsun Ji | December, 2022

Contingent workers make up a large part of today’s healthcare workforce, and the healthcare industry is America’s most contingent worker-dependent industry. While contingent healthcare workers overall earn low pay with few benefits, contingent work burdens fall most heavily on women of color, due to deep race and gender-based inequalities that have long plagued the healthcare … Read More

Beyond the Short-Term: the Effects of Broad-Based Employee Ownership on Labor Productivity in Family and Nonfamily Firms

Frank Mullins | January, 2023

Purpose This study investigates whether broad-based employee ownership (BBEO), in isolation and in conjunction with cash profit sharing (CPS), can enhance labor productivity in family firms over nonfamily firms. Design/methodology/approach Hypothesis testing was conducted using cross-sectional time-series regression with a matched sample of 393 family and nonfamily firms listed on the US S&P 500 over … Read More

Making an Impact: The SRC Culture

SRC Holdings Corporation | July, 2020

SRC employee-owners share how they impact the company’s bottom line – from idea sharing to cost savings. SRC Holdings is an open book employee owned company based in Springfield, Missouri.

Employee Ownership and Group Incentives (HRM 533:325)

Christopher Mackin | January, 2020

This course will explore the contemporary revival of interest in broad based employee share ownership structures. We will investigate the legal and policy frameworks that presently structure employee ownership.

This is What Employee Ownership Looks Like

North State Grocery Inc. | January, 2020

In this video about North State Grocery, the 100% employee owned chain of grocery stores operating as Holiday Market and Sav-Mor-Foods in Northern California and Oregon, employees describe what employee ownership means to them.

Broad-Based Employee Stock Ownership: What Makes It Effective in the Management of Human Resources?

Dan Weltmann, Douglas Kruse, Frank Mullins, Joseph Blasi | November, 2019

Research linking broad‐based employee stock ownership (BESO) with firm performance continues to receive considerable attention both in and outside the field of management. Despite the evidence being generally positive regarding the BESO–firm performance relationship, there has been a relative dearth of research providing insights into the circumstances surrounding the effectiveness of BESO. With this research … Read More

Stock-Based Compensation at Twitter

Jonas Heese, Mike Young, Zeya Yang | October, 2018

Olivia Nash, an analyst at leading hedge fund BlueShark Capital Management, had just finished listening to the hour-long earnings call for Twitter’s Q4 2017 results. Was Twitter doing well? That depended on which numbers she chose to believe. According to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), Twitter had recorded a $108M net loss for 2017. But … Read More

A Piece of the Pie? The Effects of Familial Control Enhancements on the Use of Broad‐Based Employee Ownership Programs in Family Firms

Frank Mullins | September, 2018

While family firms tend to be highly committed to their employees, scholars contend that founding family owners are likely hesitant when it comes to sharing ownership broadly with non-family employees. Taking a heterogeneous view of family firms, this study investigates the implications of different familial control‐enhancing mechanisms on the use of broad‐based employee ownership programs … Read More

Works Councils and Employer Attitudes Toward the Incentive Effects of HRM Practices

Uwe Jirjahn | September, 2018

Purpose A growing number of econometric examinations show that works councils substantially shape the personnel policy of firms in Germany. Firms with works councils make greater use of various human resource management (HRM) practices. This gives rise to the question of whether employers view the shaping of personnel policy positively or negatively. Against this background, … Read More

Employee Involvement Under Rising Competitive Pressure: Evidence from Two Manufacturing Firms in Japan

Arghya Ghosh, Hodaka Morita, Takao Kato | May, 2018

In spite of the rich body of evidence on the effects of HPWS, there are at least two relatively unexplored yet potentially important questions: (i) The conditions under which the HPWS is best introduced and best sustained; and (ii) in what way the HPWS will need to evolve when external environments change. Our findings fill … Read More

Pritchett Controls: Ten Years Into Employee Ownership

Frank Shipper, Richard C. Hoffman, Wayne H. Decker | May, 2018

This case illustrates the rationale for adopting employee ownership, and difficulties in implementing employee empowerment beyond investment. In the beginning it focuses on why Jerry Pritchett, one of the co-founders of Pritchett Controls, decided to convert it to an employee-owned company. In the body of the case, it details the efforts of the company to … Read More

Atlas Container Corporation: Thinking Outside the Box

Frank Shipper, Thomas J. Calo | May, 2018

A review of the literature found that companies that practiced a progressive set of HRPP and made decisions based on democratic principles are rare. Thus, knowledge of such a company should be valuable.

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Human Resource Management